I was also impressed by the democratic process every key decision was made by collective voting, with members raising their hands in agreement or disagreement. The use of small discussion groups allowed for deeper engagement, where everyone could reflect, share ideas, and contribute to the outcomes. It truly felt like a community discerning together.

I’m talking about my first synod at the Evangelical Church District An Sieg und Rhein (EKASUR) in Germany, where I’m spending my volunteer year. In an increasingly connected and ecumenical world, understanding the internal structures of churches across contexts deepens mutual respect and collaboration. A comparison between the Synod of the Anglican Church of Rwanda, Butare Diocese and the Evangelical Church District An Sieg und Rhein reveals both similarities and striking differences in their governance and operation.

Frequency and Structure of Synod Meetings

One notable difference lies in how frequently each Synod convenes. In the EAR Butare Diocese, the Synod meets once every two years, and this regularity balances thoughtful deliberation with the need for responsiveness. However, provisions are made for extraordinary Synod meetings in times of urgent or critical need highlighting its vital role in resolving complex matters that affect the life of the Church.

In contrast, EKASUR’s Synod meets twice per year, allowing for more frequent evaluation and adjustment of church direction and policies.

Despite the difference in frequency, both synods serve as the highest decision-making bodies in their respective church districts. They both shape strategic directions, approve reports, and legislate church life.

Composition and Representation

The composition of both Synods demonstrates a strong commitment to participatory leadership. The EAR Butare Synod includes the Bishop, diocesan clergy (Deacons and Pastors from 32 Parishes), diocesan leaders, and four lay delegates per Archdeaconry (representing men, women, youth, and lay leaders). In total 62 members. Terms of office are defined and renewable once, ensuring continuity with room for renewal.

EKASuR’s Synod also consists of clergy, elected presbyters from 28 congregations, appointed members, and committee chairs. In total 148 members. It is led by the Dean (Superintendentin), and elections take place every four years. A major emphasis is placed on diversity and gender balance, with youth and women well represented as well in EAR Butare Diocese in Rwanda.

Decision-Making Processes

In both systems, decisions are made collectively. EAR’s Synod decisions require a two-thirds quorum and follow principles consistent with the global Anglican Communion. EKASuR employs called “presbyterial-synodal order”, ensuring that authority is shared.

In Germany, the Synod begins with worship, follows a structured agenda, and openly debates proposals before voting. Documents and minutes are published internally and externally through websites, press releases, and social media reflecting a culture of transparent governance. The EAR Synod similarly starts with prayer and follows an established order, though digital transparency is less emphasized.

Scope of Responsibilities

Both synods are responsible for:
– Approving financial plans and action strategies
– Addressing doctrinal or disciplinary matters
– Confirming or establishing church ministries or services

In EKASuR, for example, the Synod approved a district-wide transition to greenhouse gas-neutral buildings by 2035, showing the Synod’s influence on ecological responsibility. They also approved a large shared baptism event in 2024 which allows for community-wide celebration of children’s baptism, emphasizing unity and accessibility for families.

For EAR’s Synod includes more traditional structures such as a Council of Advisors to the Bishop, and reports from parishes, emphasizing the pastoral and structural development of the diocese.

For Supporting Bodies, while EAR has a Diocesan Council (a smaller body that meets annually and prepares matters for Synod), EKASuR’s Synod is supported by committees and working groups throughout the year. These groups help implement decisions and prepare future proposals.

The Synod of the Anglican Church of Rwanda, Butare Diocese, plays a foundational role in guiding the spiritual and administrative direction of the church. Unlike the Synod in EKASuR, which meets biannually, the Butare Synod gathers every two years, bringing together representatives from across the Diocese for collective decision-making.

As Bishop of EAR Butare Diocese, the Rt.Rev Christophe Nshimyimana described: “The Synod in EAR Butare Diocese is the heart of Diocesan life, a space of collaborative decision-making, and strategic direction. It upholds the integrity of the Church’s mission and ensures that we remain faithful stewards of God’s work in the world. Through this representation, all members can take ownership of Synod decisions, fostering unity, transparency, and trust.”

This perspective highlights how the Synod is more than a governance mechanism. It is a unifying body that empowers all members of the church, ensuring that clergy, laity, youth, and women are all represented in shaping the church’s vision.

Superintendentin Almut van Niekerk of the Evangelical Church of An Sieg und Rhein Church District says: „Our synod has to face the fact that we have a major break with religious tradition in Germany. We have to find new ways to reach people with the aim of proclaiming the good news of Jesus Christ.“

Both synods reflect deep theological roots and commitment to participatory Leadership. EKASUR emphasizes democratic transparency, and structured frequency, in time EAR Butare brings a strong focus on pastoral representation, cultural rootedness, and strategic planning.

This comparison reveals how both churches strive to follow Christ in their unique contexts while fostering participation, transparency, and mission. My presence at EKASuR’s Synod has not only widened my understanding of church governance but also deepened my appreciation for how different traditions express the unity of faith in diverse ways.